Labradorescence

Labradorescence in labradorite and spectrolite including cause, colour range, quality factors, and distinction from adularescence.

phenomena/labradorescence labradorite spectrolite species/feldspar

Introduction

Labradorescence is the striking play of colours seen in labradorite feldspar.
Unlike the soft single-colour glow of adularescence, labradorescence displays
a full spectrum of colours including blue, green, gold, orange, and purple
in distinct flashes.

First identified in specimens from Labrador, Canada in 1770, this phenomenon
creates some of the most visually dramatic effects in the gem world.

Mechanism

The cause of labradorescence:

Lamellar Twinning

  • Caused by light interference from repeated thin twin layers
  • Twin lamellae form during cooling of plagioclase
  • Lamellae vary in thickness, producing different colours
  • Light interferes between twin boundaries

Orientation Dependence

  • Most prominent on specific crystal planes (001 cleavage)
  • Requires proper cutting orientation to display effect
  • Colours appear in patches or broad flashes
  • Tilting the stone reveals different colour areas

Colour Range

Labradorescence can display nearly the full spectrum:

  • Blue: Most common colour seen
  • Green: Often with blue
  • Gold/yellow: Warm tones
  • Orange: Vivid examples exist
  • Red: Rarer; highly prized
  • Purple: Less common

Multiple colours in one stone are typical and valued.

Spectrolite

Quality Factors

Factor Premium Quality
Colour range Multiple vivid colours (spectrolite type)
Intensity Bright, strong flashes
Coverage Large percentage of surface shows effect
Flash size Large, distinct colour areas
Body darkness Darker body enhances colours

Sources

Origin Characteristics
Finland Spectrolite; full colour range
Labrador (Canada) Type locality; blue-green common
Madagascar Good labradorescence; various colours
Russia Quality material available
Ukraine Some production

Labradorescence vs Adularescence

Labradorescence

  • Multiple spectral colours
  • Sharp, distinct flashes
  • Colours appear in patches
  • Caused by lamellar twinning
  • Plagioclase (labradorite)
  • Effect at surface level

Adularescence

  • Single colour (blue or white)
  • Soft, floating glow
  • Even, billowy appearance
  • Caused by layer exsolution
  • Alkali feldspar (orthoclase)
  • Appears below surface

Cutting Considerations

Proper cutting maximises labradorescence:

Orientation

  • Cut to display colours face-up
  • Align with cleavage plane for best effect
  • May sacrifice weight for optimal display
  • Flat backs common to maximise colour area

Cut Styles

  • Cabochons: Traditional; shows colours well
  • Flat slabs: Maximises colour display area
  • Faceted: Possible but reduces phenomenon visibility
  • Carvings: Popular for decorative pieces

Market and Value

Labradorite market considerations:

  • Spectrolite: Highest prices for fine Finnish material
  • Collector stones: Fine multi-colour specimens valued
  • Decorative use: Popular for tiles, countertops
  • Jewellery: Growing popularity for unique pieces
  • Size: Large pieces available (unlike many gems)