Rare Madagascar Gems

Grandidierite, demantoid garnet, tourmaline, and other rare species from Madagascar's diverse geology.

madagascar grandidierite demantoid rare-gems

Introduction

Madagascar's diverse geology produces an exceptional variety of rare
gemstones beyond its major sapphire and ruby output. From grandidierite
(Madagascar's signature rare gem) to fine demantoid garnets, the island
is a treasure trove for collectors seeking unusual species.

Grandidierite

Madagascar's signature rare gem:

Discovery & Source

  • First identified: 1902 in Madagascar
  • Gem quality: Only recently available (2000s)
  • Primary source: World's main supplier
  • Rarity: Among rarer collector gems

Characteristics

  • Colour: Blue-green to greenish-blue
  • Pleochroism: Strong trichroic effect
  • Hardness: 7-7.5 (suitable for jewellery)
  • Crystal system: Orthorhombic

Market

  • Collector gem with growing awareness
  • Prices rising as awareness increases
  • Limited supply maintains value
  • Not yet mainstream market

Grandidierite Discovery

Demantoid Garnet

Fine green garnet production:

Discovery

  • Found in early 2000s
  • Significant find for collector market
  • Adds to worldwide demantoid sources
  • Competes with Russian, Namibian material

Characteristics

  • Fine green colour possible
  • Good dispersion ("fire")
  • Horsetail inclusions in some material
  • Andradite garnet variety

Horsetail Inclusions

  • Chrysotile fiber inclusions
  • Diagnostic for demantoid
  • Adds value when present
  • Not all Madagascar material has them

Tourmaline

Madagascar's diverse tourmaline:

Varieties Available

  • Multiple colours produced
  • Some neon blue-green (Paraiba-type copper-bearing)
  • Rubellite (pink-red) varieties
  • Chrome tourmaline (green)
  • Indicolite (blue)

Paraiba-Type

  • Copper-bearing tourmaline found
  • Neon colours similar to Brazilian/African
  • Smaller production than Mozambique
  • Collector interest

Market

  • Growing production
  • Good quality available
  • Competitive pricing
  • Various colours for diverse market

Additional Species

Gem Notes
Chrysoberyl Including some alexandrite colour-change
Spinel Red and pink varieties available
Rhodolite garnet Fine purple-red material
Spessartine garnet Orange varieties
Labradorite Spectrolite-quality available
Rose quartz Star rose quartz noted
Sphene High dispersion; collector interest
Kornerupine Rare; some gem quality

Colour-Change Gems

Madagascar produces several colour-change varieties:

Alexandrite

  • Chrysoberyl variety
  • Some fine colour-change material
  • Competes with Brazilian, Sri Lankan
  • Collector interest

Colour-Change Garnet

  • Pyrope-spessartine varieties
  • Blue-green to red/purple change
  • Related to East African material
  • Exceptional specimens highly valued

Collector Significance

Why Madagascar matters for collectors:

  • Species diversity: Exceptional range of gem types
  • Rare species: Primary source for several unusual gems
  • Quality potential: Fine material in many species
  • Discovery ongoing: New finds continue
  • Value: Often excellent for quality received