tetragonal simulant diamond simulant
Synthetic Rutile (Faceted)
TiO2
Quick Facts
Hardness
6.0
Specific Gravity
4.25
Refractive Index
2.616
Optical Character
Uniaxial +
Crystal Structure
#! Species: Synthetic Rutile
#! System: Tetragonal (4/mmm)
#! Habit: Tetragonal prism with dipyramid
tetragonal[4/mmm]:{110}@1.0 + {100}@0.8 + {101}@0.6
tetragonal
4/mmm
{110} {100} {101}
Physical Properties
Crystal Systemtetragonal
Hardness (Mohs)6.0
Specific Gravity4.25
CleavageDistinct on {110}
FractureConchoidal to sub-conchoidal
LustreAdamantine to sub-metallic
Optical Properties
Refractive Index2.616
Birefringence0.287
Optical CharacterUniaxial +
Dispersion0.33
FluorescenceInert
Origin & Identification
Originsimulant
Growth Methodflame fusion
First Produced1948
Diagnostic FeaturesExtreme birefringence (0.287) causing obvious doubling of back facets, very high dispersion (0.330), yellowish body colour in most specimens, low hardness (6-6.5), very rare in modern trade
Colours
YellowishNearly colourless (boron-doped)
Common Inclusions
Gas bubblesUnmelted feed powder
Interactive Preview
Open this crystal in the CDL Playground to rotate, export, and explore in 3D.
Open in Playground #! Species: Synthetic Rutile
#! System: Tetragonal (4/mmm)
#! Habit: Tetragonal prism with dipyramid
tetragonal[4/mmm]:{110}@1.0 + {100}@0.8 + {101}@0.6
Natural Counterpart
The natural gem this simulant imitates
Related Minerals
Other minerals in the tetragonal system
